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Endovenous laser ablation (EVLA), radiofrequency ablation (RFA), foam sclerotherapy and glue closure treat the faulty vein from the inside, through a tiny puncture under ultrasound guidance. No vein stripping, no large cuts, no stitches.
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All are done by an interventional radiologist under ultrasound guidance. A thin catheter or needle is placed in the diseased vein, which is then closed so blood is redirected to healthy veins.
A thin laser fibre is passed into the faulty vein and heats it from inside, sealing it shut. The closed vein is gradually absorbed by the body.
A catheter delivers controlled radiofrequency heat to the vein wall, which shrinks and closes the vein. Commonly used for the main leg veins.
Medicine foam or a medical adhesive is placed in the vein to close it, without heat. Useful for smaller veins and selected cases.
Maps your veins and finds the leaking valve.
Catheter enters the vein under local anaesthesia.
Laser or radiofrequency energy seals the faulty vein.
Usually day-care, with a compression stocking.
Duplex scan to choose the right method for each vein.
A fine needle or catheter is placed under ultrasound.
Medicine foam or adhesive closes the vein.
Review scan after a few weeks; repeat if needed.
A general comparison. Your doctor will advise what suits your veins after a Duplex scan.
| EVLA / RFA | Sclerotherapy / Glue | |
|---|---|---|
| What is used | Laser or radiofrequency heat inside the vein | Medicine foam or medical adhesive inside the vein |
| Often used for | Main (saphenous) trunk veins | Smaller veins, side branches, or selected trunk veins |
| Anaesthesia | Local anaesthesia | Local anaesthesia |
| Hospital stay | Usually day-care | Usually day-care |
| Compression stockings | Usually advised for some days to weeks | Usually advised for some days |
| Common side effects | Bruising, tightness or mild pain along the vein | Bruising, skin staining, mild inflammation |
| Sessions | Often one session per leg | May be repeated for small veins |
The choice depends on vein size, location, reflux pattern and overall health. Individual results vary.
MBBS, MD (Radio-Diagnosis), EBIR
Chairperson & Senior Consultant, Interventional Radiology · Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi
Results depend on vein anatomy and severity. New varicose veins can develop over time, and outcomes cannot be guaranteed.
Varicose veins are enlarged, twisted veins, most often in the legs. They develop when the valves inside the veins weaken, so blood flows backward and pools instead of moving up towards the heart.
Bulging veins, aching or heavy legs, swelling around the ankles, night cramps, itching and skin darkening. In advanced cases, skin changes or a slow-healing ulcer can develop.
No. Many varicose veins can be treated with endovenous procedures such as laser or radiofrequency ablation, foam sclerotherapy or glue closure, without vein stripping. A Duplex ultrasound helps decide the best option.
Endovenous laser ablation and radiofrequency ablation pass a thin fibre or catheter into the faulty vein under ultrasound and use heat to close it from inside. Blood then flows through healthier veins.
Sclerotherapy injects a medicine, often as foam, that closes the vein. Glue closure uses a medical adhesive to seal the vein without heat. Your doctor selects the method based on vein size and location.
It is done under local anaesthesia through a needle puncture. Afterwards some people have mild pain, tightness along the treated vein or bruising for a few days, which settles with simple medicines and walking.
Most people walk the same day and return to light daily activity quickly. Your doctor will advise on compression stockings, activity and follow-up scans.
A treated vein usually stays closed, but new varicose veins can develop over time. Regular follow-up and supportive measures such as stockings and activity help.
Serious complications are uncommon but possible, such as skin staining, inflammation of the vein, nerve irritation, skin burns or, rarely, a blood clot. Your team assesses your risks before recommending treatment.
By Dr. Arun Gupta and the Interventional Radiology team at Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Old Rajinder Nagar, New Delhi.
Share your Duplex or Doppler report with Dr. Arun Gupta’s team and explore non-surgical options.
+91 92113 77811 WhatsAppG20-A, Near Ultrasound Dept, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Old Rajinder Nagar, New Delhi 110060